Rotura aguda de prótesis valvular aórtica biológica Biocor® seis años después de su implante: reporte de un caso / Acute rupture a a Biocor® aortic valve prosthesis six years after implantation

Resumen: Un hombre de 66 años portador de una prótesis valvular aórtica SJM Biocor® (Saint Jude Medical, St Paul, Minn), instalada 6 años antes, se presentó con disnea severa de rápida instalación. Mediante ecocardiografía de superficie y transesofágica se demostró insuficiencia aórtica masiva y el paciente fue reintervenido con éxito. En la operación se observó un desprendimiento parcial de la inserción del velo coronario izquierdo al anillo protésico. No había endocarditis. Se implantó una nueva prótesis biológica Trifecta® (Saint Jude Inc, St Paul, Minn) N°27. La evolución precoz y a 2 años de la intervención es muy satisfactoria.

Abstract A 66 year-old man with a SJM Biocor® (Saint Jude Medical, St Paul, Minn) implanted 6 years before developed unexpected severe dyspnea. Surface and transesophageal echocardiograms confirmed severe aortic regurgitation. The patient was rapidly re operated on. There was a partial detachment of the left coronary leaflet form the valve annulus. There was no evidence of endocarditis. A new valve (Trifecta® (Saint Jude Inc, St Paul, Minn) N°27). was inserted. Clinical course has been uneventful up to two years post surgery.

Síndrome de Boerhaave: uma complicação rara em pós-operatório de cirurgia estética / Boerhaave syndrome: a rare complication of cosmetic surgery

Introdução: Este estudo se trata de um relato de caso que tem por objetivo alertar os cirurgiões para uma possível complicação em pós-operatório de cirurgias estéticas longas sob anestesia geral. A Síndrome de Boerhaave é uma doença grave que ameaça a vida do paciente e merece um diagnóstico precoce até 12hs e um tratamento adequado. Relato de caso: A paciente no pós-operatório de cirurgia plástica abdominal e mastopexia apresentou, após anestesia geral, crises de vômito e náuseas. Resultados: Paciente com 58 anos do sexo feminino submetida à dermolipectomia abdominal e mastopexia pela a técnica de pedículo inferior sob raquianestesia, onde após um período de quatro horas do término da cirurgia apresentou vários episódios de vômitos. Após 10 horas do ato cirúrgico apresentou queixa de algia ao deglutir, seguida de algia intensa generalizada, dispneia intensa, sudorese, palidez, PA 90x50mmhg. Com a piora do quadro a paciente foi encaminhada para a unidade de terapia intensiva onde foi entubada. Foram realizados exames laboratoriais, toracocentese e exames radiológicos. Atualmente, a paciente encontra-se com prótese esofágica. Conclusões: Fazendo a correlação com a bibliografia, no caso em tela sugere-se evitar cirurgias prolongadas, principalmente sob anestesia geral onde pode ocorrer a retenção de gás carbônico, que pode levar a crise emética no pós-operatório em pacientes com antecedentes de doença esofagiana e estar atentos aos sintomas, não descartando a possibilidade da ocorrência da Síndrome Boerhaave.

Introduction: The objective of this case report is to alert surgeons to a possible postoperative complication of long cosmetic surgery under general anesthesia. Boerhaave syndrome is a serious life-threatening disease that requires diagnosis within 12 hours and proper treatment. Case report: A 58-year-old female patient presented with vomiting and nausea after abdominoplasty and mastopexy under general anesthesia. Results: The patient underwent dermolipectomy and mastopexy using the inferior pedicle technique under spinal anesthesia. Four hours after the operation, she presented several episodes of vomiting. Ten hours after the operation, she reported painful swallowing followed by generalized severe pain and presented severe dyspnea, sweating, pallor, and a 90/50 mmHg blood pressure. As the condition worsened, the patient was referred to the intensive care unit where she was intubated and underwent laboratory tests, thoracentesis, and radiological examinations. The patient currently uses an esophageal prosthesis. Conclusions: The literature suggests avoiding prolonged surgery, especially under general anesthesia, because of the risk of carbon dioxide retention, which may lead to postoperative emetic crisis in patients with a history of esophageal disease. It also suggests paying attention to symptoms, not excluding the possibility of Boerhaave syndrome.

Spontaneous rupture of right gastroepiploic artery aneurysm: a rare cause of hemorrhagic shock. case report

ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Aneurysms of the gastroepiploic arteries are seen only rarely. They are usually diagnosed during autopsy or laparotomy in patients with hemodynamic instability. Although the operation to treat this condition is relatively easy, delay in making the diagnosis affects the course of the disease. Case Report: A 57-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain and unconsciousness. A computed tomography scan showed extravasation of contrast agent at the headcorpus junction of the pancreas, and the patient underwent exploratory laparotomy under general anesthesia. During laparotomy, aneurysmatic rupture of the right gastroepiploic artery was detected. Control over bleeding was achieved by ligating the right gastroepiploic artery at its origin. The aneurysm was also resected and sent for pathological examination. CONCLUSION: Especially in cases of unidentified shock, splanchnic artery aneurysms should be kept in mind. Moreover, in the light of the data in the literature, the possibility of death should be taken into account seriously and, if feasible, prophylactic aneurysmectomy should be performed.

Psoas Abscess Caused by Spontaneous Rupture of Colon Cancer

Spontaneous rupture of colon cancer, combined with psoas abscess formation, is rare. A 44-year-old male visited for back pain and left buttock mass. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance image revealed a large abscess in the left psoas muscle and in the left lower quadrant area. Ten days after incision and drainage, a skin defect around the left anterior superior iliac spine remained. A local flap was performed using a superficial skin graft. Ten days after the stitches had been removed, fecal discharge was observed around the anterior superior iliac spine at the flap site. An operation was performed by a general surgeon who had diagnosed this as a case of enterocutaneous fistula. Operative findings included a ruptured tumor mass in the descending colon, which was connected to a retroperitoneal abscess. Pathologic report findings determined adenocarcinoma of the resected colon. Herein, we report a case of psoas abscess resulting from perforating colon cancer.

Ruptura de hematoma subcapsular hepático como complicação da síndrome HELLP - revisão de literatura / Ruptured subcapsular hepatic haematoma as a HELLP syndrome complication - literature review

A síndrome HELLP caracteriza-se pela associação de plaquetopenia, aumento das enzimas hepáticas e presença de hemólise em paciente gestante. O acrônimo representa as iniciais das alterações laboratoriais (hemolysis; elevated liver enzimes; low platelets). Em menos de 2% das gestações complicadas por síndrome HELLP ocorre sangramento espontâneo severo do fígado (formação de hematoma subcapsular), acompanhado de necrose hemorrágica das células hepáticas e ruptura da cápsula de Glisson. Essas intercorrências têm evolução frequentemente fulminante, sendo que elevam a mortalidade materna para mais de 50%. Este artigo apresentou uma revisão de literatura sobre hematoma subcapsular hepático como complicação da síndrome HELLP, uma entidade clínica que, apesar de rara, exige suspeição clínica para diagnóstico rápido e manejo oportuno

HELLP syndrome is characterized by the association of thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes and presence of hemolysis in a pregnant woman. The acronym stands for the initials of the laboratory abnormalities (hemolysis; elevated liver enzymes; low platelets). In less than 2% of pregnancies complicated by HELLP syndrome occurs spontaneous bleeding severe liver disease (formation of sub-capsular hematoma), accompanied by hemorrhagic necrosis of liver cells and rupture of the capsule of Glisson. These outcomes are often fulminant evolution, and maternal mortality amounted to more than 50%. This article presented a literature review on hepatic subcapsular haematoma as a complication of HELLP syndrome, a clinical entity, although rare requires clinical suspicion for a diagnosis of rapid and appropriate management

Spontaneous rupture of a giant diaphragmatic hydatid cyst into the intrapleural space

We report a case of giant diaphragmatic hydatid cyst which ruptured spontaneously into the intrapleural space in a patient with coexistent giant hepatic hydatid cyst. A 62-year-old female was admitted for dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, and right thoracic pain. Clinical findings, laboratory and radiological examinations including multislice computed tomography scan were consistent with the diagnosis of a giant diaphragmatic hydatid cyst which ruptured into the intrapleural space. Surgical intervention was performed through thoracotomy and phrenotomy in a one-stage operation for both cysts. This case shows that hydatid cysts of the diaphragm can rupture into the intrapleural space spontaneously. One-stage operation through thoracotomy may be successful for the surgical intervention for diaphragmatic hydatid cysts with coexistent hepatic cyst

Splenic rupture following idiopathic rupture of the urinary bladder presenting as acute abdomen.

Idiopathic rupture of the urinary bladder is an uncommon condition and represents less than 1% of all bladder rupture cases. In most of the cases the main etiological factor was heavy alcohol ingestion. A combined injury of the spleen and bladder is a very rare condition that is almost often associated with trauma and foreign bodies. In this paper we present the extremely rare clinical course of acute abdomen caused by a combined spontaneous intraperitoneal injury; spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder and spleen. According to our opinion, spontaneous bladder rupture caused by bladder distension due to alcohol ingestion led to urinary ascites and abdominal distension. Finally, repeated minor abdominal blunt trauma during everyday life, to a moderately distended abdomen caused a spontaneous splenic rupture in the patient with abnormal coagulation studies.

[Rupture of hydatid cyst of the liver into the duodenum. A case report]

Rupture of hydatid cyst in the digestif tract is a rare complication even in endemic areas. Authors report a case of a hydatid cyst of the left hepatic lobe ruptured in the duodenum. Was discovered at the occasion of epigastric pain and vomiting. Ct-scan revealed presence of air in a calcified hydatid cyst of the left liver lobe and a fistulous tract between the cyst and the duodenum. Endoscopy confirmed the diagnosis by the visualisation of a fistulous orifice of the anterior aspect of the first duodenum with a protrusion of hydatid membrane. Patient was treated surgically and had a partial cysto-pericystectomy and Suture of duodenum

Hepatic adenomatosis--a rare double complication of multiple adenoma rupture and malignant transformation.

Hepatic adenomatosis (HA) is a rare disorder that is susceptible to hemorrhagic complications and, rarely, to malignant transformation. We report a 24-year-old woman who was found to have HA with > 10 tumors; she presented with simultaneous rupture of two of the adenomas, along with malignant change in one. Hematoma evacuation and caudate lobe resection were done and she has been doing well 6 months later.

Gastric volvulus with perforation in association with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Gastric volvulus in children is a rare surgical emergency. We describe 2 cases of gastric volvulus with gastric perforation in association with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. One case presented in infancy after recurrent chest infections with intestinal obstruction. The other case presented in the early neonatal period. Both cases underwent laparotomy with repair of the stomach and diaphragm defect. The first case developed pyoperitoneum postoperatively, was reexplored but succumbed to septicaemia. The second baby had a favourable postoperative outcome.

Rotura renal bilateral espontánea en la poliarteritis nodosa* / Spontaneous bilateral renal rupture in polyarteritis nodosa

Se presentó un enfermo con poliarteritis nodosa cuyo diagnóstico se sustentó en aspectos clínicos, histológicos y arteriográficos. Se observó, evolutivamente, una inusual y repetida complicación: rotura renal espontánea con hematoma retroperitoneal, inicialmente en el riñón derecho y 8 d después, en el izquierdo. Quedó anéfrico y se sostuvo durante 3 meses con tratamiento hemodialítico hasta su fallecimiento. Se trató de una verdadera rareza dentro de las complicaciones de la poliarteritis nodosa y la presentación bilateral constituyó un hecho excepcional. Se hallaron muy escasos reportes en la literatura médica mundial

Ruptura espontánea de la arteria epigástrica y trombosis venosa profunda: una asociación infrecuente / Spontaneous rupture of the epigastric artery and deep vein thrombosis

La ruptura "espontánea" de la arteria epigástrica constituye una afección vascular de baja incidencia con un diagnóstico que plantea dificultades en la mayoría de los casos. Los signos y síntomas son muy variados confundiéndose generalmente con procesos intraabdominales. Presentamos un caso cuyo hematoma originó una trombosis venosa profunda íleo femoral como forma de presentación. La misma no fue hallada en la bibliografía revisada y generó al inicio una incorrecta conducta terapéutica

Hemoperitoneum following rupture of ectopic varix along splenorenal ligament in extrahepatic portal vein obstruction.

A 29-year-old man with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction who underwent variceal eradication by sclerotherapy six years ago, was admitted with hypotension and abdominal pain. Abdominal paracentesis yielded frank blood. Laparotomy showed bleeding from a large ectopic vessel along the splenorenal ligament. The vessel was ligated and the patient recovered.

Ruptura espontânea de hepatocarcinoma em fígado cirrótico: uma causa rara de hemoperitônio / Spontaneous rupture of hepatocarcinome in cirrotic liver: a rare case of hemoperitoneum

Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino previamente hígido, que apresentou quadro agudo de deterioração clínica e queda do hematócrito. A paracentese abdominal confirmou hemoperitônio e a laparotomia post-mortem demonstrou massa hepática consistente com carcinoma hepatocelular. Alguns aspectos desta apresentação incomum são discutidos

Rotura espontánea del hígado y quiste hidatídico hepático roto a vía biliar asociados a embarazo / Spontaneous hepatic rupture and hydatid hepatic cyst rupture to biliary tract associated to pregnancy

Se presentan dos casos clínicos, el primero corresponde a una rotura espontánea de hígado asociada a gestación de 25 semanas con hipertensión arterial crónica y preeclampsia severa sobreagregada y el segundo a quiste hidatídico hepático complicado, roto a vía biliar concomitante con gestación de 36 semanas. Se revisa la literatura y se discute el manejo quirúrgico en ambos casos

Ruptura carotídea en pacientes oncológicos de cabeza y cuello / Carotid rupture in head and neck cancer patients

Objetivo: Determinar retrospectivamente la frecuencia de ruptura carotídea en una serie consecutiva de pacientes portadores de cáncer del territorio cervico-facial. Material y métodos: Se analizaron 48 historias clínicas de pacientes tratados por carcinoma epidermoide de cabeza y cuello. Se estudió la frecuencia de ruptura carotídea, su fisiopatología, los factores predisponentes y el tratamiento llevado a cabo. Resultados: Se trataron 48 pacientes con carcinomas epidermoides de cabeza y cuello entre junio de 1990 y junio de 1996. La frecuencia de ruptura carotídea fue del 6,26 por ciento (3 casos) con una mortalidad del 33,3 por ciento (1 caso). Conclusiones: En la fisiopatología de la ruptura carotídea se destacan la radioterapia y la disección radical de cuello. La infección y la presencia de fístulas salivales son factores agregados que predisponen a la ruptura. Se enfatiza la importancia de la hemostasia temporaria por compresión y el mantenimiento del estado hemodinámico previo a la exploración quirúrgica como profilaxis del accidente cerebrovascular, así como el valor de la hemorragia centinella como signo de ruptura inminente. El tratamiento consiste en la ligadura y resección de la arteria lesionada. Ante la exposición del vaso, la conducta es la cobertura con un colgajo miocutáneo para evitar la desecación y aportar irrigación a la pared arterial

Hemobilia por ruptura de aneurisma de la arteria hepática / Hemobilia due to ruptured hepatic artery aneurism

We report two patients with hemobilia caused by hepatic artery aneurism that ruptured to the biliary tract. In the first patient, the diagnosis was made during an exploratory laparotomy. In the second patient, the aneurism was diagnosed with a selective hepatic artery arteriography and embolized during the procedure. The evolution of both patients was satisfactory

Rotura uterina espontánea asociada a placenta increta en primigesta / Spontaneous uterine rupture associated to placenta increta in primary pregnant

Se presenta un caso clínico, muy infrecuente, de rotura uterina espontánea, en una paciente primigesta, con embarazo de 14 semanas que ingresa con síntomas y signos de hemoperitoneo con pre-schock hipovolémico. La laparotomía de urgencia reveló hemoperitoneo de 2.000 ml, y una rotura del fondo uterino de 5 cm de diámetro, con un feto vivo en su interior. Se efectúa vaciamiento ovular e histerorrafia. Biopsia del borde de la rotura uterina, informa placenta increta